Is TMJ Serious?
The joint that connects the lower jaw (mandible) to the temporal bone of the skull, located in front of the ears on each side of the head, is called the Temporomandibular Joint, better known as TMJ. Thanks to the flexibility of this joint, which controls the position and movements of the jaw, you chew, speak, and bite food. However, it is common to find people who suffer from dysfunctions in this joint.
Pain in the TMJ arises from abnormal functioning of the joint, ligaments, masticatory muscles, jawbones, teeth, and dental support structures. Habits such as teeth clenching, bruxism, biting on foreign objects, or nail biting are very common causes of pain in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), which can lead to temporomandibular dysfunction, or TMD.
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction can be serious, especially when it causes chronic and intense pain, jaw locking, difficulty chewing, or tinnitus (ringing in the ears). While temporary discomfort is common, severe cases, often linked to bruxism, trauma, or arthritis, can reduce quality of life and require specialized treatment.
It is estimated that 40 to 75% of the population will experience at least one sign of TMD (Temporomandibular Joint Disorder) during their lifetime, such as noises in the region or pain in the face. When the dysfunction is present, the main symptoms are: headache, earaches, and/or tinnitus.
What are the main causes of TMJ pain?
TMJ dysfunction can have various causes, ranging from emotional factors—stress, tension, and anxiety—to physical issues, such as a blow to the area or problems with the dental arch.
Below are some of the main causes:
• Incorrect chewing
• Very crooked teeth, which strain the facial muscles
• Habits such as chewing gum, biting your nails, or biting your lips
• arthritis in the temporomandibular joint
• damage (natural or accidental) to the joint
• a habit of grinding one’s teeth
• structural and congenital problems (present from birth)
• stress
• excessive muscle tension in the area
• hormonal issues
In addition to these causes, dental malocclusion plays an important role as a predisposing factor, as it alters the masticatory system, increasing the risk of developing temporomandibular disorders and worsening existing symptoms. When the bite is misaligned, the muscles and joints must work harder to compensate, which can overload the temporomandibular joint over time. Early diagnosis and proper management are essential to prevent complications. Treatment may include lifestyle changes, stress management, physical therapy, the use of occlusal splints, medication, or, in more severe cases, specialized dental or medical interventions to restore comfort and function.
Ignoring persistent TMJ symptoms can allow inflammation and muscle imbalance to worsen, potentially leading to chronic pain conditions. In some individuals, untreated dysfunction may contribute to sleep disturbances, increased facial tension, and difficulty performing daily activities such as eating or speaking comfortably. Seeking professional evaluation at the first signs of recurring pain, joint noises, or limited jaw movement can significantly improve outcomes. With appropriate guidance and consistent care, many patients experience relief and regain normal jaw function, preventing long-term damage and improving overall well-being. Please contact us today if you suspect you are having issues with your jaw!
Related Article: What happens if TMJ is not treated?