How Serious is Fractured Root?
There are actually multiple different ways to fracture the tooth’s roots. The crown is the area of tooth which is above the gumline. This is the portion of the tooth which patients can access to brush, floss, and it is also used for chewing. The crown contains a firm outer shell of enamel which protects the tooth. The teeth are supported by roots which reach deep into the jawbone and gums.
The tooth contains multiple layers. Under the enamel is dentin or the second layer. Dentin contains dental pulp and is the tooth’s center layer which contains blood vessels and nerves. Damage to the tooth that impacts the pulp results in significant pain.
While minor cracks may seem harmless, when left untreated, they can cause serious issues (that can lead to the need for extraction). A dentist can help prevent infection and aid in the maintenance of healthy teeth. There are some types of issues, however, which require treatment from a specialist. Endodontists are specialized dentists. Their focus is on treating issues that may include infection, chips, cracks, and breaks.
Severe tooth fractures can compromise the tooth. In some cases, the fracture can cause damage to the adjacent teeth. A fracture can allow plaque to break through the inner layers of the tooth and cause infection. The enamel is a barrier which works to protect the tooth from infection. Unfortunately, a fracture which causes damage to the enamel can compromise this barrier. The fractures summarized below require specialized treatment from an endodontist.
Oblique Supragingival Fracture
An oblique supragingival fracture is a crack which occurs above the gum in the upper portion of the tooth. This fracture may not always cause immediate pain, but left untreated, can cause pain or infection. This fracture is usually smaller and affects the tooth’s surface. When patients chew on a fractured tooth, it often causes greater issues over time. In order to determine the ideal treatment, the endodontist will examine the fracture.
Oblique Subgingival Fracture
Oblique subgingival fractures cover a larger portion of the tooth. It is possible for this type of fracture to reach down into the root or jawbone. This fracture typically results in significant pain. It can be challenging for patients to perform routine tasks such as chewing and speaking. This type of fracture can also impact the nerves.
Oblique Root Fracture
An oblique root fracture occurs below the gums and can even extend into the jaw. This fracture is very painful and requires treatment from an endodontist.
Vertical Furcation Fracture
Vertical furcation fractures occur when the tooth splits and becomes two or more roots. There is serious pain associated with this type of fracture and it is virtually impossible to use the tooth.
Vertical Apical Root Fracture
Vertical apical root fractures are a type of fracture which occurs down the middle of the tooth and root. This fracture is also quite painful and may require a root canal.
Vertical Root Fracture
A vertical root fracture occurs when a portion of the tooth’s root breaks off completely. This can be due to brittle roots which are caused by the death of the nerve or a past root canal that failed.
If a patient suspects they have any type of root fracture, they should follow up with their dentist immediately. The dentist or endodontist can evaluate the tooth, order x-rays, and determine how to properly treat the issue. When a patient fails to treat a fractured root, it can cause long-term issues such as tooth loss.